What is Hepatitis?
Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections (Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E). It can also result from excessive alcohol use, toxins, certain medications, or autoimmune conditions. The liver plays a vital role in detoxifying the body, so liver damage can seriously affect overall health.
Types of Hepatitis
- Hepatitis A – Spread through contaminated food and water, usually acute.
- Hepatitis B – Spread through blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child.
- Hepatitis C – Spread through infected blood, often chronic.
- Hepatitis D – Occurs only in people with Hepatitis B.
- Hepatitis E – Spread through contaminated water, common in poor sanitation areas.
Symptoms of Hepatitis
- Fatigue and weakness
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Yellowing of skin and eyes (Jaundice)
- Abdominal pain (especially upper right side)
- Dark urine and pale stools
Diagnosis
- Blood tests (to detect virus type and liver enzymes)
- Ultrasound / Imaging
- Liver biopsy (in severe cases)
Treatment
- Hepatitis A & E: Usually self-limiting, requires rest, hydration, and nutrition.
- Hepatitis B & C: Antiviral medications, regular monitoring.
- Hepatitis D: Managed with antivirals and supportive care.
- General Care: Avoid alcohol, maintain a healthy diet, take liver-protecting medicines as prescribed.
Prevention
- Get vaccinated for Hepatitis A & B.
- Practice safe sex.
- Avoid sharing needles.
- Drink clean water and maintain hygiene.
- Avoid excessive alcohol and unnecessary medications.